Remember, an ion is an element that has gained or lost at least one electron and so has an electrical charge. The electrical charge is shown with a superscript and must include the + or - symbol. Many ions have special endings to let us know they have made the change from element to ion. The chemical and physical properties of ions can be very different from their elements.
Iron the element is a hard blue gray metal. Fe+3 combines with oxygen to make rust, a soft red material that does not
conduct electricity and is non-magnetic.
Hint: as you work to memorize these, try grouping them by charge (also called valence). I would put them on color coded flash cards. Tests will be about once a week and will follow the order of ions listed. Study early and often.
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| Element name |
Ion name |
Charge | Ion symbol |
| chlorine | chloride | -1 | Cl-1 |
| hydrogen | hydrogen | +1 | H+1 |
| oxygen | oxide | -2 | O-2 |
| sodium | sodium | +1 | Na+1 |
| neon | -- | 0 | Ne |
| carbon | carbon | +4 | C+4 |
| magnesium | magnesium | +2 | Mg+2 |
| calcium | calcium | +2 | Ca+2 |
| potassium | potassium | +1 | K+1 |
| bromine | bromide | -1 | Br-1 |
| fluorine | fluoride | -1 | F-1 |
| aluminum | aluminum | +3 | Al+3 |
| sulfur | sulfide | -2 | S-2 |
| iron | ferric | +3 | Fe+3 |
| copper | cupric | +2 | Cu+2 |
| bromine | bromide | -1 | Br-1 |
| phosphorus | phosphide | -3 | P-3 |
| nitrogen | nitride | -3 | N-3 |
| helium | -- | 0 | He |
| xenon | -- | 0 | Xe |
| arsenic | arsenous | +3 | As+3 |
| silver | silver | +1 | Ag+1 |
| cobalt | cobaltous | +2 | Co+2 |
| barium | barium | +2 | Ba+2 |
| lead | plumbous | +2 | Pb+2 |
| iodine | iodide | -1 | I-1 |
| zinc | zinc | +2 | Zn+2 |
| mercury | mercuric | +2 | Hg+2 |
| nickel | nickelous | +2 | Ni+2 |
| argon | -- | 0 | Ar |
| tin | stannic | +4 | Sn+4 |
| silicon | silicon | +4 | Si+4 |
| krypton | -- | 0 | Kr |
| lithium | lithium | +1 | Li+1 |
| boron | boron | +3 | B+3 |
| beryllium | beryllium | +2 | Be+2 |
| Polyatomic ions | |||
| -- | hydroxide | -1 | OH-1 |
| -- | sulfate | -2 | SO4-2 |
| -- | carbonate | -2 | CO3-2 |
| -- | nitrate | -1 | NO3-1 |
| -- | phosphate | -3 | PO4-3 |
| -- | chromate | -2 | CrO4-2 |
| -- | chlorate | -1 | ClO3-1 |
| -- | acetate | -1 | C2H3O2-1 |
| -- | ammonium | +1 | NH4+1 |